Operations Management

The procedure type McDonald's uses is bunch process on the grounds that there are moderate volume and moderate assortment in their items and administrations. McDonald's items are semi-normalized as they are loaded pre cooked. At the point when a client makes a request, the item is then arranged. This shows high adaptability, for instance, a client arranges an extraordinary request of McCracken without lettuce, the request will be handled in practically no time. There is likewise high volume of creation as McDonald's serves a huge number of clients dither. Inning a bunch procedure implies that the speed of conveyance Is needy upon the speed and experience of the Individual laborer. This procedure bolsters the matter of McDonald's as they will have the option to process the various sorts requests to take into account the various needs of clients, In the most brief time conceivable. To accomplish that, moderate ability level of laborers is required. The benefits of clump process are tha t it permits laborers to expert in explicit lobscouse and utilize the pro gear, various bunches of various creation a be made.On the other hand, there are additionally hindrances of group process. Right off the bat, specialization implies that the laborers are doing redundant occupations, which can result to fatigue. Besides, the hardware should be reset and cleaned in the middle of clusters. This can be tedious which in turns hinders the creation. Likewise, when the burgers are delivered by bunches, they would save them for whatever length of time that conceivable and in the end dispose of them on the off chance that they were not sold. This will build the expense for McDonald's. Tasks Management Tasks MANAGEMENT: as a serious weapon mks [emailâ protected] air conditioning. in http://mks507. vistapanel. net Prof. (Dr. ) Manoj K Srivastava Operations Management Area 1. The Systems Approach C O N T E N T S 2. 3. OM Definition Ten Critical Decisions 4. 5. The Cases 4V Typology of Operations 6. 7. Profitability Competitiveness 8. 9. Assembling Vs. Administration? The History 10. The Future 1 Systems Approach Systems Approach Reduce waste†¦or improve output†¦ 2 OM Definition What is Operations Management? What is Operations? a capacity or framework that changes contributions to yields of more prominent valueOperations the board (OM) is the arrangement of exercises that makes an incentive as merchandise and ventures by changing contributions to yields TYPES OF TRANSFORMATIONS †¢ Physical: Locational: as in assembling tasks as in transportation activities What is a Transformation Process? a progression of exercises along a worth chain reaching out from provider to cl ient. exercises that don't include esteem are unnecessary and ought to be wiped out †¢ Exchange: Physiological: as in retail tasks as in human services What is Operations Management? esign, activity, and improvement of profitable frameworks †¢ Psychological: Informational: as in amusement as in correspondence Value Engineering/Value Analysis ? Use ? Regard ? Time ? Spot 3 What Operations Managers do? ? Administration, item design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Quality management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ? Procedure, limit design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Area †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ten Critical Decisions ? Format plan †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? HR, work design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Gracefully chain management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ? Stock administration †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ? Booking †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ? Upkeep †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 The Cases Britannica StoryInvite your adversary onto the rooftop, at that point expel the stepping stool Sun tzu The Art of War 36 Stratagems 1988-93 Britannica (Leader, 230 years experience, 1768), $1000 Microsoft reference book from funk and Wagnall’s reference book Searchability, Multimedia, Graphics, Timeline (20 feet), cross-joins, refreshing 1993 1995 Price $300 (cost of CD:$1) (in-reality you can buy encarta reference book + a PC in Britannica value) Britannica needs to bounce in a business which was not its quality, Price still $1000 1997 Reduced to $125, later on free on the web, smashed twice Innovation in Operations McDonald’s Corp Olympic Flame ? ? ? Confronting Increased Competition Smarter and More Demanding Customers Less Brand Loyal Switched to cheeseburger bun that doesn't require toasting. ? Clients lean toward taste of new bun ? Sets aside time and cash, QSVC Model ? ? ? ? 10,000 sprinters 15,000 miles through 42 states in 84 days Two years of arranging Must arrangement for flake-out sprinters and heavy traffic ? Cost of this activity in the area of $20 million Innovation in Operations Ginger Hotel BillDesk No-ruffles, June 2004 No room administration, travel work area, pool Wi-fi, Two sort of room: Rs. 999 and Rs. 1199, Prabhat Pani, CEO, Roots CorporationBillDesk, a property of IndiaIdeas. com Ltd. , 2000 Three Arthur Anderson Executives Third-party charge assortment 25 Banks, 100 organizations Just apply today. It just takes a couple of moments. When you're affirmed, you get your own special Zipcard. Save one of our vehicles †for two or three hours or the whole Day. Do it on the web or utilize a telephone. We're simple. Stroll to the vehicle, at that point simply hold your Zipcard to the windshield. The entryways will open, and it's all yours! Drive away†¦ and come back to the equivalent saved parking space toward the finish of your booking. It's that basic. What's more, recall, gas and protection are incorporated as well. 5Operations typology: 4V Approach Differences inside divisions are frequently more noteworthy than the contrasts between segments Financial administrations A record the board place at a huge retail bank Financial expert prompting a customer at a speculation bank Furniture fabricating Mass creation of kitchen units Craft creation of proliferation ‘antique’ furniture Hotels Value-for-cash inn Lobby of a global lavish inn A Typology of Operations: 4 V’s Low Volume High what number of items or administrations are made by the activity? what number of various kinds of items or administrations are made by the operation?High Variety Low High Variation sought after Low what amount does the degree of interest change over the long haul? what amount of the operation’s inner working are ‘exposed’ to its clients? High Vi sibility Low Implications Low reiteration Each staff part performs a greater amount of occupation Less systemization High unit costs Flexible Complex Match client needs High unit costs Changing limit Anticipation Flexibility In contact with request High unit costs Short holding up resilience Satisfaction represented by client discernment Customer contact abilities required Received assortment is High unit costs A Typology of Operations ImplicationsHigh repeatability Specialization Capital serious Low unit costs Well characterized Routine Standardized Regular Low unit costs Stable Routine Predictable High use Low unit costs Time slack among creation and utilization Standardization Low contact aptitudes High staff use Centralization Low unit costs Low Volume High Variety Low High Variation popular Low High Visibility Low 6 Productivity Effectiveness Efficiency Productivity Types of Productivity Single Factor Productivity Output Labor Output Materials Output is of value nature Output C apital Multifactor ProductivityOutput Labor + Materials + Overheads Output Labor + Energy + Capital Total Factor Productivity Goods and Services Produced All sources of info used to deliver them America West’s Reverse Pyramid framework This is as opposed to the methodology utilized by numerous aircrafts of simply loading up all seats beginning from the rear of the plane and working forward. 7 Competitiveness how much a country can create products and ventures that meet the trial of global markets while all the while keeping up or growing the genuine earnings of its residents. A firm is serious in the event that it can create items [†¦ of unrivaled quality or lower costs than its household and universal contenders. (US-President's Commission on Industrial Competitiveness 1985, S. 6) Global Competitiveness Ranking 1. Switzerland 2. Sweden 3. Singapore 4. US 5. Germany 6. Japan 7. Finland 8. Netherlands 9. Denmark India 51 10. Canada China 27 Competition Within Industries I ncreases When ? Firms are moderately equivalent in size and assets ? Items and administrations are normalized ? Industry development is moderate or exponential Barriers to Entry ? ? Economies of scale Learning bends Capital speculation Access to gracefully and circulation channels 8 Manufacturing versus administrations Degree of Servitization Manufacturing and Service Employment Manufacturing Employment and Production Services as % of GDP Tangibility Spectrum Economic Offerings can decide before buying must be recognized after buy or during utilization or use client must put stock in, however can't actually assess much after buy and utilization Differences Between Goods and Services Intangibility Heterogeneity Simultaneous Perishability Production and Consumption 9 History of OM Five Eras of Operations Management Journey of Operations Management Adam Smith uge increments in profitability realistic from innovation or mechanical advancement are conceivable match human and physical cap ital, Division of work Eli Whitney †¢ In 1798, got government agreement to make 10,000 rifles Showed that machine devices could make normalized parts to correct details †Musket parts could be utilized in any flintlock Significant occasions in tasks the executives ? ? ? ? Division of work Standardized parts Scientific administration Coordinated sequential construction system (Smith (Whitney (Taylor (Ford 1776) 1800) 1881) 1913) ? ? ? Gantt diagrams Motion study Quality control (Gantt (Gilbreths (Shewhart 1916) 1922) 1924) 10Where would we say we are going? Energizing Ne

Planning and Land Use Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Arranging and Land Use - Essay Example This was constrained to secure the memorable character of the town. By the by, as indicated by the arranging balance between the homes and work environments, and the idea of practical improvement today it has prompted negative effects. This city is of premium since it is a medieval city, which has a rich history and the weight of creating takes steps to wipe away the rich history of this town. Hence, the center of the city has become constrained in light of the fact that the innovative work exercises have been focused inside the destinations of work on the edge of the city. Under the Cambridge wonder there were 400 innovative associations in the region, which utilized more than sixteen thousand individuals (Morrison, 2010). These associations originated from the branches of the college and spun offs from organizations, which had sources of the college. From that point forward, it has been concentrated. During this period, the trans-European thruway gave the primary street connect between the parts and the midlands that were industrialized. The choice to improve the foundation of the city was made at the National Level, while, the land utilization of the arranging of Cambridge was under the Holford Plan of 1950 (Waters and Lawton, 2002). In spite of every one of these plans, the structure plan of the Cambridgeshire looked for intends to control the development of the city ostensibly. This was done through keeping up the tight green belt. The purpose behind this arrangement was to make sure about the notable character and setting of Cambridge. Green belts have been a basic instrument for arranging in England. Inside it, it is difficult to get consent for making arrangements for advancement. The reason for that is to protect the setting and essential character of the town, check unhindered development of developed zones, help defending the wide open from infringement lastly to control the neighboring towns from converging into another (Wicksteed, 2005). For Cambridge, without the green belt then the city

Maintaining Mental Health in College

Maintaining Mental Health in College Over half of the worlds population is struggling with some type of mental health issue. Some people get anxiety before tests, others have seasonal depression. Some actively get help for a diagnosed mental health issue they have. Whatever it may be, it can be easy to get caught up in our thoughts and forget about the world around us, especially as a college student. Its always good to have some tricks up your sleeve to help you when youre having one of those days/weeks, and these are a few things that may help overcome struggles. Use a diary. Diaries allow you to write down the intensity of each emotion, and you can even put little notes for what happened that day. I highly recommend them because they can be brief two-sentence entries about your day or elaborate three-page entries about things that affect you. I think writing in a diary is extremely important.Therapy! Whether you have a mental health diagnosis or not, go to therapy because everyone can always use a little bit of it. Talking out your feelings, even if its only once a week or once a month, can help a lot even when you dont think you need it.Find your stress relievers. That can be anything from simply listening to some of your favorite music, or can be as intricate as painting something for multiple hours. Sometimes life can become too much, so knowing what you react to best when youre stressed a little more than usual is in your best interest. It can be hard to know what those things are, but once you find them, always continue to do them. Find your outlets! Find the people you know you can talk to when youre having a bad day. Be fully committed, though; you have to allow yourself to be open with them. It does no good to sit inside your head all day, so make sure theres always someone with whom you can process your thoughts.Exercise. Recently exercise has become my second form of therapy. I could be having a bad day, but once I sweat everything out, Im more focused, have more energy, and am overall a lot less anxious. This may not be the case for everyone, but working out gives you great endorphins, so consistently working out is sure to benefit you. Remember, your mind, body, and soul are connected, so in order to take care of one you have to take care of the others. Theres still a big stigma around mental health, but the more we talk about it the more people will take care of themselves and get the help they need. Its okay to struggle with your mental health because chances are, if youre going through something, someone else is going through the exact same thing. Recognize it, talk it out, and always remember to stay focused on what is good now rather than what could be good if you tried harder. You got this. mental health Nisha Class of 2022 The first time I visited Illinois, I knew that it was the school for me! I am on the pre-med track, majoring in Psychology in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.

The Financial Crisis Deregulation Or Over Regulation

The Financial Crisis: Deregulation or Over-regulation? As evidenced by the plethora of explanations concerning it, the 2007-08 financial crisis that originated in the United-States is highly complex. The literature presents various causes, most of which can be placed on either side of a debate between government intervention and laissez-faire of market mechanisms. On one side, it is argued that financial actors are responsible for the crisis as a result of their use and distribution of complex and risky financial products, and their irresponsible lending. On the other side, the arguments centre on policy failures, or unintended consequences of government initiatives, as interventions into economic mechanisms. Some explanations see both financial markets and policy at the origin of the crisis, and some elements are common to all of these interpretations. Through these varying explanations, we may find certain facts about the time leading up to the crisis, explaining its nature and steps. The three main ingredients of the crisis were the following: a housing bubble, the securitization of mortgages – or Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBSs) – and a credit expansion to leverage financial gains. In its most simple characteristics, the housing bubble was a long-term trend in US housing markets for loans below the quality standard. More precisely, people were buying houses with loans that they had a low chance of repaying, especially considering the unpredictability of markets.Show MoreRelatedDeregulation Is The Underlying Cause Of The 2007 / 08 Financial Crisis1382 Words   |  6 PagesDeregulation is a process that removing or reducing the regulations and allowing banks to invest (MBA lib, 2015). It allows banks to collaborate, and there’s no regulations of derivatives. 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Impact Of Central Ohio Technical And The Nation - 844 Words

The graduation rates for community colleges are shockingly low. This is an issue that impacts Central Ohio Technical and the nation. The question is, what can be done about the costs of attending a community college in order to increase the graduation rates? An increase in the costs of tuition and fees, a significantly longer length of time that is spent in order to obtain a degree, and the inability to afford the gap in cost between financial aid and school costs, are all issues that pertain to the costs associated with attending a community college and their effects on the graduation rates of those schools. This paper will present these three issues along with a proposed solution to each one in more detail and present the best solution to this problem. The increased costs of tuition and fees are making it more difficult for individuals to attend college, and they are being forced to drop out, having a major impact on graduation rates. Data stated that was stated in FACT SHEET on the President’s Plan to Make College More Affordable: A , Better Bargain for the Middle Class (2015), â€Å"The average tuition at a public four-year college has increased by more than 250 percent over the past three decades, while incomes for typical families grew by only 16 percent† (â€Å"Fact Sheet†, 2015). This is causing major stress and becoming a burden on the finances of the student and their families. In order to attend college, a large percentage of students will have borrow money because ofShow MoreRelatedFood Service Operation5026 Words   |  21 Pagescharacteristics create challenges in scheduling employees and production, difficulty in staffing, and high labor and food costs. Conventional foodservice systems exhibit t hese characteristics. Foodservice directors look for ways to reduce or eliminate the impact of these characteristics—and alternative foodservice systems offer solutions. 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Neo Natal Death In Jamaica Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Interviews and treatment groups will be held with female parents sampled from the major infirmaries located in Kingston. Participants will be twosomes who have experienced a perinatal loss within the last 6 old ages and the subsequent effects of this loss. Data will be coded thematically with specific mentions to country of abode, educational degree, ethnicity, phase of gestation loss and age. We will write a custom essay sample on Neo Natal Death In Jamaica Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now A Depression Inventory Scale will be a major instrument to help in finding the presence and degree of depression in some of these twosomes. Depending on the schemes that will be used to place sample countries and participants, the extent to which findings can be generalised may be limited. The survey will supply fresh penetrations into how adult females who have experienced perinatal loss would profit from intercessions to assist them through anxiety-filled gestations and trade with the stressors they may confront in life. Challenges or obstructions in this survey may include high rates of accompaniment amongst gestational age of loss and mental wellness before the loss, accompaniments of perinatal loss with other serious life hardships, age of oncoming, figure of populating kids and trouble in doing causal illations. Chapter 1: Introduction Background to the job Early gestation loss is a complicated psychological event that occurs in 12 % to 24 % of recognized gestations ( Carter D, Misri A ; Tomfohr 2007 ) . This is non the same as Neonatal or perinatal loss. Perinatal includes early neonatal loss every bit good as spontaneous abortions. Neonatal losingss are those babes born alive and decease within a hebdomad ( early ) or 28 yearss ( late ) . Still births are those babes which are born dead that likely would hold survived ( Feasible ) normally gestational age over 24weeks ( some still say 28 hebdomads ) or birth weight of more than 500grams. If you include losingss before this period so this includes self-generated abortions which would include the early gestation losingss above. Many of these are non even recognised, but many will hold a similar consequence on the adult female as you have pointed out above. Harmonizing to Carter et.al ( 2007 ) , adult females who have experienced perinatal deceases frequently have common mourning reactions, and while for most adult females, the strength and experience of these reactions diminishes over clip, a significant minority of adult females will develop long term psychiatric effects. Depression, symptoms of anxiousness, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder are the most normally reported psychological reactions to miscarriage. Harmonizing to Hutti ( 2005 ) , this loss is besides associated with self-destruction and matrimonial struggle. Although research has indicated that perinatal loss can ensue in serious upsets of depression and anxiousness, it has been noted that some adult females display important sums of resiliency ( Carter et.al, 2007 ) . Carter farther stated that the positive side of this resiliency may change harmonizing to the individual, household construction and the relationship with the male parent. Preliminary scrutiny of this job by Neugebeaur and Sergievsky ( 2003 ) indicates that there is a higher degree of depressive symptoms among adult females who have experienced a perinatal loss than among adult females who have non been pregnant within recent times. ( make you mean to utilize these adult females as controls for your survey? ) They postulated that depressive symptoms were more likely to be seen in the 6-8 hebdomad period following the loss, than those who did non hold a recent period of loss. Although age was a noteworthy factor in this survey, the womenaa‚Â ¬a„?s matrimonial position, figure of kids, ethnicity and educational degree did non significantly affect the consequences. This supports the necessity for deciding this job by turn toing the possibility of mental instabilities every bit good as turn toing other factors such as clip, which may impact the loss. The experience of a neonatal decease can be viewed as one of the many factors associated with psychiatric upsets in adult females. The primary aim of this survey is to larn more about the extent of this association and the clip frame in which the adult females are affected. ( Is your instrument able to separate the difference between exogenic depression ( which is the normal bereavement procedure we all go through with the loss of a loved one ) versus endogenous depression which is the psychiatric unwellness that can be triggered by the loss? Research inquiry / aim Are depression and anxiousness typical in adult females who experience neonatal deceases in Jamaica? ( Depression and anxiousness are normal responses to loss ) . The inquiry should be about true Endogenous depression and important anxiousness ( psychiatric jobs ) . Sub-Topics 1 ) Nature of the experience of the neonatal loss experience: gestational age ; 2 ) Factors that may predispose them to psychological effects: poorness, old mental wellness, any other environmental stressor ; 3 ) Possible get bying mechanisms after neonatal loss experience: cognition of cause of decease, affect on future gestation ; 4 ) The prevalence and extent of depression/psychological and psychiatric upsets in adult females after miscarriage/pregnancy loss. Purpose of the Study This survey originated as a part to informed argument on mental wellness public policy issues and to border intercessions that will convey hope to adult females who are surrounded by the challenges of their loss while they reenter society. The accomplishments of this survey should be: ( 1 ) to test at least 30 twosomes ( pilot survey, chief survey 250/300 topics ( How did you cipher this sample size? You should happen out how prevailing these factors are in pregnant adult females without gestation loss and so find what figure you need to acquire a important addition in Numberss over the expected ) ( Wissart et al 2005 ) , who have experienced neonatal loss at primary degree of intercession. ( 2 ) To supply therapy for twosomes who are sing terrible psychological hurt due to a neonatal loss. ( 3 ) To raise consciousness of the possible behavioral and societal issues of male parents who are considered the soundless spouses in this type of loss. In add-on, the survey is being driven by my personal experiences of three neonatal deceases over seven old ages and the deficiency of available intercession at the clip of the events and my preferable and successful agencies of covering with this challenge. Are you certain you want to acquire so personal? I would go forth this out even if this is what is you chief motive. This is your personal info and is non truly needed to acquire the survey accepted ) Significance of the survey The societyaa‚Â ¬a„?s concern with wellness refers to both mental and physical wellness. This survey sets out to understand the effects of this loss and the attendant traumatic consequences. The extent to which this loss affects twosomes, and the information garnered from this research will supply extra information sing the ensuing mental upsets to medical practicians, counsellors and mental wellness professionals. This cognition can help to supply solutions for effectual intercession sing the mental, societal and economic development of the affected twosomes and their households. By deriving an penetration of the job, the apprehension of mental wellness of adult females and their spouses will be addressed, with the male parents being recognized as a participant in the event of the loss. In lending to the pool of cognition, there will be insight to assist beef up households, and obtain the cooperation, understanding and support of others. Boundary lines and restrictions of the survey The comparatively little sample size and the schemes used to try countries and participants will restrict the extent to which findings can be generalized. Therefore, the survey should be repeated on a larger graduated table, with countries and participants being indiscriminately sampled. The survey will non try to find which of the environmental stressors has caused the job. The survey will non try to find which of the variables causes a greater consequence on the adult females. Significance of the survey The societyaa‚Â ¬a„?s concern with wellness refers to both mental and physical wellness. This survey sets out to understand the effects of this loss and the attendant traumatic consequences. The extent to which this loss affects twosomes, and the information garnered from this research will supply extra information sing the ensuing mental upsets, to medical practicians, counsellors and other mental wellness professionals. This cognition can help to supply solutions for effectual intercession sing the mental, societal and economic development of the twosomes affected and their households. By deriving an penetration of the job, the apprehension of mental wellness of adult females and their spouses will be addressed, with the male parents being recognized as a participant in the event of the loss. In lending to the pool of cognition, there will be insight to assist beef up households, and obtain the cooperation, understanding and support of others. Boundary lines and restrictions of the survey The comparatively little size of the sampling and the schemes used to try countries and participants, will do the extent to which findings can be generalised to be limited. Therefore, the survey should be repeated on a larger graduated table, with countries and participants being indiscriminately sampled. The survey will non try to find which of the environmental stressors has caused the job. The survey will non try to find which of the variables causes a greater consequence on the adult females. How to cite Neo Natal Death In Jamaica Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Business Strategy of Skoda-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.What was the key weakness that koda was able to Identify? 2.What strength did koda use to turn its brand weakness into an Opportunity? 3.How has koda strategically addressed external threats? 4.Produce a SWOT analysis for koda. 5.What in your view are the important benefits of using a SWOT analysis? Answers: 1.Weakness of Skoda First of all, it is observed that Skoda has very low market share i.e. 1.7% market share. Because of small market share, the company was the small player in the car industry. Along with this, the weakness of the Skoda was that the company had out-dated perception of brand. In the past, the company had bad perception in terms of poor vehicle quality, designs, materials and assembly. There was high maintenance cost in the company. The company had poor brand image among the customers and that was affecting the growth and success of the company in the market. With this, the poor perception of the company also affected the owners of Skoda. Apart from this, in the company there was the work inefficiency and that was the main weakness of Skoda. Weak supply chain of Skoda was also the weakness which was affecting the brand image of the company in the market (Parkin et al, 2015). 2.Opportunity of Skoda From the weaknesses and the perceptions of the customers towards the car products, Skoda has analyzed that there is the need to improve the brand image in the market. For this manner, it was important for the company to understand the requirements and expectations of the customers for the products. The company realized that by understanding the expectations of the customers, their negative perception can be changed. So, the company used its strengths to turn the weaknesses into opportunities. The company used its strength of gathering valuable customers feedback to understand their thinking. After that, Skoda focused on this strength and put the cars in the market according to the customers demands. Basically, Skoda noticed the marketing approaches of the competitors which are focused on the product itself. So, the company focused on providing the driving experience to the customers. Along with this, the company discovered that the customers loved their cares as compared to the compe titors in the car industry. So, company differentiated its product range and developed the strategy to improve the brand and take benefit of the opportunities in the market. Company focused on the Happy Skoda Customers as an opportunity to strengthen the brand for the competition. That was the unique selling proposition of the Skoda in the car industry to acquire the customers. This practice enhanced the experience of the customers in terms of the products in the market and turned the weakness of the company into opportunities (Jobber, 2006). 3.Strategy to address the threats There were many threats for the Skoda in the car industry i.e. there are around 50 different car markers in the UK car makers which are selling more than 200 models. So, it is the threat for Skoda to maintain its strong position in the market. So, there is the need to provide strong and powerful message by the company for the customers to deal with the competitive environment. Along with this, there was the need of strong product range in Skoda to compete in the international market. So, Skoda adopted some innovative strategies to address the external threats in the market. The company adopted recycling process in its business operations. It is clear that the customers had negative perception towards the cars of the company due to the low quality material. So, the company used recycling process as much as it can to make the products better for the customers. Further, the company focused on the corporate social responsibility. For this manner, Skoda is using environmental friendly machinery for the production purpose because the customers are now more concerned about the environment and the community in which they are living (Generals, Partner and Nairn, 2011). Further, the strategy of the company is to design such cares which can cut down on fuel consumption. This will provide good experience of driving to the customers. At last, the company has strategy to design the cars having low noise and better sound to give better experience to the customers. This strategy would be helpful for the company to enhance the customer base in the market. 4.SWOT analysis for Skoda After the above discussion, it is clear that Skoda is trying to improve its brand image among the customers by providing quality products. Further, The SWOT analysis for the Skoda is as follows: Strength- 100-year history as the vehicle manufacturer, Availability of Highly skilled workforce, Availability of largest employees, Synergy with other products, Focused on the research and development of new products, and Having strong reputation. Weakness Perception of past i.e. Skoda produces low quality products, Low wages rates for workers and it is growing unrest among them, and Outdated infrastructure Opportunities Growing the market of Automobile in the China, Africa, India and Eastern Europe, Probability of moving manufacturing and new plants into low cost countries, and Beneficial for those companies using alternative fuels Threats Competitive environment in the international market, Declining sales in the Eastern Europe countries, High wages rates in the other countries which is the threat for remaining competitive, and Increased availability of used vehicles in the Eastern Europe countries (Holweg, 2009). 5.benefits of using SWOT analysis There are most of the benefits of using SWOT analysis in a company. The SWOT analysis is useful in identifying the weakness and threats of the company along with its opportunities and strengths. The information gathered from the SWOT analysis can be utilized by the organizations for identifying their positions in the market. By the SWOT analysis, the companies are able to plan the course of actions effectively to meet the goals and objectives of the business. In case of Skoda, by the SWOT analysis, the company was able to identify its weaknesses in the business operations and it developed effective strategies to utilize the opportunities in the market (Kotler, 2012). Basically, SWOT analysis is the best way to organization the information of the company in the operating market. It shows the external and internal position of the company i.e. what the company is doing correct what is doing incorrect. After that, the company can act accordingly in the market. SWOT analysis provides a look to the managers for the future opportunities and potential threats (Valkanos and Anastasiou, 2009). References Generals, Lucky. Partner, Founding and Nairn, Andy. Effective marketing strategies for automotive campaigns. 2011. Web. 18 June 2017 Holweg, Matthias. The Competitive Status of theUK Automotive Industry. (2009). Web. 18 June 2017 Jobber. Principles and Practice of Marketing. (5th). 389. 2006 Kotler, Philip. Principles of Marketing. (11th). Prentice Hall. 2012 Parkin, Rich et al. The future of the U.K. used car market: Trends and opportunities. 2015. Web. 18 June 2017 Valkanos, Efthymios and Anastasiou, Adamos. The importance of SWOT Analysis for educational units that belong to the field of Vocational Education and Training. September 2009

The Hangi Essays - Physics, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics

The Hangi How does the construction of the Hangi cook the food with it? Introduction: The Hangi is a traditional Maori method of cooking food. Food from a Hangi is cooked underground by red-hot volcanic rocks and steam, which condenses onto the food, therefore cooking it. To make a hangi , a pile of wood is lit under the ground, heating up the light and easy to heat volcanic rock red hot. In modern Hangi , wire baskets filled with food are put inside the ground along with the volcanic rocks and covered with a wet cloth and soil dug up from the ground. The very hot steam created underground with the food has no other way of escaping, so it condensed onto the food, transferring its heat onto it. After 3 hours, the food should be completely cooked. Paragraph 1: Construction of Modern and Traditional Hangi Before the Introduction of metals and wire, the Maori only had Hangi to cook their food. In traditional Hangi , the food is laid out onto bark, large leaves, clean sticks, large leaves and other sorts of vegetation. These methods carry a whole range of uses including keeping the food clean, reduce burning, and to keep direct contact with the super-heated rocks to an absolute minimum. Some tribes used a carved wooden bowl called " Kono " to cook food by placing their food inside, then putting hot rocks on a liquid base to heat up the liquid, therefore cooking the food inside of it. The traditional Hangi cooked a variety of food such as fish, birds, other land animals, and vegetable leaves such as Puha , Kokihi and Kohetake . This method of cooking food was not however mainly used for cooking food but also favoured by Tohunga (Expert Practitioners) for making medicines and remedies by heating up leaves, bark and other organic matter. The introductio n of cooking vessels such as pots and pans ended the daily use of Hangi to cook food. This is because Hangi take a lot of time, preparation and planning to go into it, while the use of a pot or pan can make that process much faster.In modern Hangi , the leaves that were used are likely to be substituted with aluminium foil and metal baskets made of wire. The baskets prepared with food wrapped with aluminium foil are carefully placed inside the stones, with cabbage leaves on the bottom of the basket to prevent the basket and aluminium foil from burning. The food is then covered on the top with a wet cloth, then sprayed with water to create extra steam for the Hangi to cook on. Then a mound of Earth is placed on top of the Hangi is a way which traps the steam and heat from escaping. The food is then cooked and ready to eat in 3 to 4 hours. The modern Hangi , in my opinion, is better that the traditional Hangi for a number of reasons. Firstly, the tr aditional Hangi uses material they find in the bush such as leaves, bark and sticks to put their food over. This might be a health hazard to the people that eat the food as dirt and other debris such as ash from burning objects like wood, or the dirt finding a way to get into and contaminate the food. Also, people might get burn in the making of the fire, especially in the very hot conditions inside and near the Hangi . A modern " Hangi Machine" is available for purchase and it is a much safer way to cook food. With this Hangi machine, you are able to cook kai very easily, with less preparation and danger. But I believe the Hangi Machine undermines the whole "traditional cuisine" part of the Hangi . Paragraph 2: Types of Heat Transfer and Open and Closed Systems Liquids and Gases expand when they are heated. This is because the particles in the liquids and gases vibrate faster and faster as they get hotter, causing them to move. They also lose energy when they are cooler, slowing the vibration of the particles down, which makes the particles slower than when the liquid and gases are

How to Create Content for Google’s E-A-T Algorithm and Medic Update

How to Create Content for Google’s E-A-T Algorithm and Medic Update You already know that content marketing is a tough nut to crackeven if you’ve got the privilege of working with a team of people with a knack for words. There’s blog posts everywhere you turn in your Google Drive, research papers littering your desk, and website content planned for the next six months. But even after all that prep,  it’s still possible to sink to the bottom of Google’s search results. Just 9% of content  gets some form of organic traffic. And it’s pretty easy to fall into the 91% that doesn’tespecially when over 3 million blog posts  are being published every day. Pretty disheartening, right? It doesn’t have to be that way forever. In fact, you could earn pride of place in Google’s SERPs by focusing on one of their new algorithm features: The E-A-T update. Here’s how you can get in on the action. How to Create Content for Google’s E-A-T Algorithm Update by @elisedopson via @ Where It All Started: The â€Å"Medic† Update On Aug. 1, 2018, Google rolled out a new core algorithm update. That’s not groundbreaking newsthey release some kind of update several times a year, as explained by the internet gods themselves: As with any update, some sites may note drops or gains. There’s nothing wrong with pages that may now perform less well. Instead, it’s that changes to our systems are benefiting pages that were previously under-rewarded.... - Google SearchLiaison (@searchliaison) March 12, 2018 But this one? It was pretty spectacular. And I don’t just mean the sheer size of itthe effects were devastating for some websites. Huge sites like LiveStrong, The Kitchn and Men’s Health lost thousands of organic visitors  overnight: I think a 50%+ drop in organic traffic is significant enough to call this update a pretty big deal. But if you had your spy goggles on while sieving through that data, you might’ve noticed a trend with the sites that took a hit. Data collected by Search Engine Round Table  found 41% of all sites affected by the update were in the healthcare nichehence why you might’ve heard the algorithm named the â€Å"medic update†. That’s not to say site owners who don’t fall into the healthcare category are safe though. In fact, eCommerce, business, technology and finance took a sizeable dent of the disaster share, too: E-A-T Guidelines, Explained If I’ve scared your socks off, I apologize. But the entire point of me talking about this is to show you how you don’t have to slip to the bottom of page 50 at the mercy of the medic update. In fact, you can use one of their revised ranking factors to your advantage with the content you’re creating. Part of the medic update consisted of Google’s guidelines to â€Å"create great content†. Here’s Google’s Public Search Liason, Danny Sullivan, explaining exactly that: We tell lots of things to do. Improve site speed. Consider secure. Etc. But that's not what this update was about. It's broad. And respectfully, I think telling people there's no particular thing to "fix" is indeed helpful. It means, hopefully, they think more broadly... - Danny Sullivan (@dannysullivan) August 1, 2018 Not really helpful, right? Especially if you’re already creating great content. (Which, spoiler alert: You should be.) But an interesting part of that whitepaper was Google’s focus on E-A-T content. Those guidelines refer to how Google measures the quality of a page. It stands for: Expertise: How knowledgeable is the site owner on the subject matter? Authoritativeness: How credible is the website publishing this content? Trustworthiness: How trustworthy is the website publishing this? Google’s aim has always, and will always, be to show the best, highest-quality results for any search term you could think of. Searchers want to see the best content that satisfies our user intent. If that’s to view information, you’ve got no chance of ranking highly if you’re not factoring E-A-T guidelines into your content marketing strategy. Recommended Reading: The Most Massive SEO Copywriting Guide That Will Make Your Traffic Soar How to Create E-A-T Rich Content Ready to make a dent in the SERPs and start creating content that Google (and your audience) love? Here are the four sections you really need to focus on: 1. Optimize Author Bio and â€Å"About† Pages Let’s start by focusing on the â€Å"E† section of this new algorithm update: Expertise. You need to be showing that everyone contributing to your website is an expert on the topic at handwhether that’s B2B content marketing or dog walking. Why? Because going back to Google’s aim, they want to give searchers the highest quality information. Let’s use an example. If you’re searching for information on the best time to post on social media, which of these would you be more satisfied with? A site ran by a budget social media agency. A site ran by a social media expert, who’s also a keynote speaker and has 10,000+ Twitter followers. I’ll bet you pick option is B. That’d be Google’s preference, too, purely because they’re more trustworthy and have more expertise than option A. The easiest way to showcase your expertise is to optimize two key pages on your website: Author Bio Pages You already know that many CMS create pages, such as author bio pages, automatically. I’m not here to teach you how to suck eggs. But you might not realize you’re able to edit these automatically-generated author pages, and build on the expertise section of Google’s E-A-T guidelineswhile maximising your search visibility. Author bios are a great place to start because Google’s quality guidelines  say: â€Å"Websites or pages without any beneficial purpose, including pages that are created with no attempt to help users, or pages that potentially spread hate, cause harm, or misinform or deceive users, should receive the Lowest rating.† So, for each person with an author page on your website, ask yourself: Are they social influencers? Do they run popular blogs? Have they won awards? Have they spoken at industry conferences? Have they worked with/written for prestigious companies? If you can answer â€Å"yes† to either one, share the details in their author bio pageor ask contributing writers to craft their own professional bio  before you publish their content. Here’s a fantastic example on Search Engine Journal: Along with setting herself apart from other contributors, Julia’s bio shows she’s an expert in her industry. She runs an almost 100-person strong team, served thousands of clients, been named as a top 30 content marketer, written a book, hosted a podcast, and published a course. Pretty impressive, right? Since author bio pages that rarely offer any value, your target audience see content that’s published by someone with experience, knowledge and expertise (like Julia) when you’re optimizing them. Show them you’ve got it on offer! Recommended Reading: Your Ultimate Content Marketer's Guide to Keyword Research About Pages Take the â€Å"show your expertise† game a step further by optimizing the ‘about’ page of your website. This isn’t person-specific; it’s a full rundown of your company and lets your audience get to know the people behind the brand. You could answer questions like: What experts are on your team? Have you won (or been nominated for) awards for your work? Why should someone pick your business over a competitor? Just take a peek at this infographic from the About page on Avalaunch Media’s site  for inspiration: 102 years of digital marketing experience is pretty impressiveas is the long list of logos of sites they’ve been featured in, and the number of events their team have spoken at. Fancy putting this infographic-style About page into action for your own site? Remember to add some supporting text. Google isn’t smart enough to understand images (yet), so make sure you’re giving their search engine spiders  text they can read and rank. Recommended Reading: SEO Content Strategy: How to Make Your Traffic Soar by 594% 2. Purge (and Redirect) Poorly-Performing Content If you’re creating content on a consistent basis, you might think you’re acing this whole â€Å"content marketing† thing. Truth is: You’re only acing it if the content you’re pushing is getting resultswhether that’s direct traffic, social shares, or conversions. If your content isn’t getting any of that, it’s hindering you, not helping you. The E-A-T algorithm means site owners need to create a site-wide content plan with high-performing content. How can you an expert in your industry if 90% of your content doesn’t perform well? Enter: Content pruning. A fancy word for removing your old content, and redirecting usersand Google spidersto something better. Jimmy Daly, Content Manager at Animalz, told me how QuickBooks pruned their poorly-performing content  and grew search traffic by 44% year-on-year: â€Å"QuickBooks SEO lead Will Waggoner merged pageview data with conversion data to help him decide which pages to prune. He made sure to ignore new content that hadn't been around long enough to rank or assist in conversions. He generated a list of pages that received less than 100 pageviews in the last six months and had not assisted in any conversions. Then, he made a plan for each URL. Some would be redirected to an article on a similar topic and some would be redirected to the blog home page. Lastly, Will confirmed that the sitemap would update automatically. Once confirmed, he put the redirects in place. Traffic was up 20% in a few weeks. By the time peak season rolled around, QuickBooks' content was getting 44% more traffic than the previous year. Will points out that removing content doesn't guarantee increased traffic. He recommends improving navigation to make content more accessible and refreshing old content first. Each piece of content represents a significant investment of time and money- delete it only when you've exhausted other options.† Fancy following Will’s strategy? Here’s a quick summary of what you need to do to meet Google’s E-A-T algorithm: Identify poorly-performing pages with 100 page views in the past six months or pages that don’t generate conversions. (Use Google Analytics’ conversion paths  for this.) Improve those pages, or delete them. If redirected, redirect the old URL to the next, most-relevant page. For example: If you’ve deleted a page on content marketing tips, redirect it to a related blog post or your services page. Just like QuickBooks, you’ll see the impact in no timetrust me. 3. Take Control Over User-Generated Content (UGC) Opening your site to guest authors is a scalable way to increase your content output. But if you’re not keeping a close eye on the content being published, you’ve got no chance of catering to those E-A-T guidelines we’re working so hard to meet. It ties back into the point I made about deleting poorly performing content: Poor content will reduce your entire site’s credibilitywhether it was published by your marketing team, or not. Think about it: If you’re opening your site to contributors, you might get a ton of new content being published to your site every day. That’s great right? Not necessarily. Not all content is good content. Contributors might be publishing: Spun content Duplicate content Low-quality content Content that’s optimized for another keyword you’re already targeting elsewhere It’s better to have one strong piece of content, rather than five low-quality ones. That way, both Google and your audience are wowed by one pieceand you’re in with the chance of ranking higher naturally.   But opening your site to contributors, and allowing them to publish their own content, could make that harder. Caveat that by: Not giving contributors permission to publish without being reviewed by you, first. Creating a set of writing guidelines that all contributors must  stick to. does the latter. Just take a look at the â€Å"write for us† page: Notice how only the best writers squeeze through their process and end up having their writing published? (Including me 😇) You want to follow the same ethos and never sacrifice quality for quantity. Google wants to push sites with expertise, knowledge and trust to the top of the ranks. Vet your contributors and if they don’t meet the same E-A-T guidelines, don’t publish their stuff. It’s really that simple! 4. Build Strong Editorial Backlinks Ah, the one word that makes SEOs rejoice: Backlinks. Us content marketers already know these little hyperlinks play a huge role in any SEO strategy, but your content needs to act as a link-building machine if you want to benefit from this algorithm update. Why? Because links prove credibilitythat caters to the T part of the E-A-T algorithm: Trustworthiness. Site owners who’re dishing out backlinks want to point their audience in the way of incredible content. If they point to low-quality sites, it’s their reputation at stakeand their own rankings that will drop. That’s not gonna do them any favors. But site owners who run reputable, powerful websites want to send their audience in the way of great content. Not 500 words of spun content or content stuffed with your keyword in every paragraphhence why you need to create strong content, and build even stronger backlinks to get in Google’s good books. Follow Moz’s 10x framework, or Backlinko’s skyscraper technique, to build that content. Go above and beyond with your knowledge, educating your customers much better that anyone else can. Then once you’ve got a kick-ass piece of content that’s 10x better than your competition, do some outreach to spread the word. You could: Send the URL to other blogs you’ve linked-to (external linking is good for SEO) Ask influencers to take part and get them to share with their followers Build your own promotion network and ask those people to share your content with their network. (Slack is great for this!) Each of those tactics raises the number of eyeballs on your content. More eyeballs = more backlink opportunities. But if you fancy taking this a step further, go out of your way to ask  for backlinks. Several techniques exist for this, including: Broken link building: Identify a 404 error on your target website, and create a resource to replace it with. Send your URL as a replacement. Round-up/resource link building: Search popular round-up/resource pages in your industry, and reach out to the editor asking to get involved. Guest posting: Write another piece of supporting content and place it on a popular website, linking back to your original piece. Infographic link building: Create an infographic to support your content, and attempt to get it published on industry sites with a link to your content as credit. When you’re working through this section, remember that not every backlink is a good backlink. Good backlinks are contextual, and from authoritative sites with good SEO metrics. It’s a waste of time targeting sites with low Domain Authority, for example, since those won’t pass much ranking power through to your site. SEO powerhouses like HuffPost and Forbes, on the other hand, will! Ready to Ace Google’s E-A-T Algorithm? If you’re not focusing on creating content that’s written by experts, authoritative and from a trustworthy site, you’ll have a hard time on your journey to page one. But it’s easy to boost your organic search traffic when you’re creating what Google, and your target audience, are cravingjust like Marie Haynes did: YEAH! Got this incredible email today from a client for whom we did a site review and made a bunch of recommendations. Their main terms were on page 2 and 3. And now they're #2 for their most important keyword. Improved E-A-T, internal linking and much more. pic.twitter.com/Z7NeXVRtd8 - Marie Haynes (@Marie_Haynes) July 27, 2018 Quality content + strong backlinks = better SEO rankings. And whether you’re just about to ramp-up content production or have a ton of existing content to update, the new E-A-T guidelines are going to get you there.

Computer Forensics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Computer Forensics - Essay Example We live in borderless world. Although people our bounded by geographic terrain, the World Wide Web has made it possible for people to connect with each other with a click of the mouse. Truly, this is a wonderful world to live. With this added convenience, old problems have begun to take on new forms. Before, crimes involving money usually involved the use of physical harassment and coercion. Banks get robbed, and even some personnel were killed. Some rich or well-to-do people found themselves abducted for ransom. But today, theft is more insidious and even subtle. One may not realize that he or she has been a victim already. When the Internet got into the hands of many people and that life has become intertwined with it, more and more people have become susceptible to crimes committed via the Internet, usually termed as cybercrime. This paper shall survey the emerging technologies that are being used against cybercrime. In particular, we shall take a look at the developments happening in the field of computer forensics and how law-enforcement agencies are capitalizing on these. But for a start, let us examine what cybercrimes are. Etymologically speaking, cybercrimes are crimes committed via the world-wide web. Although no rigorous definition of it has been formulated, we can accept the common sense definition as useful. Examples of cybercrimes are "gaining unauthorized access to computer files, disrupting the operation of remote computers with viruses, worms, logic bombs, Trojan horses, and denial of service attacks; distributing and creating child pornography, stealing another's identity; selling contraband, and stalking victims." (Nesson, 2001) Almost everyone knows about the damages inflicted by Melissa and ILOVEYOU viruses. Once in a while, a news report features the arrest of a hacker or a perpetrator of identity theft. These are not just petty crimes; they struck damages to our economy. As a matter of fact, the FBI reports an annual loss of about $ 67 Billion due to such acts. (Cybercrime, 2007). Computer Forensics With these in mind, there must be found a way to prevent these crimes. If not, perhaps prosecution of the criminal will suffice. We should look to our law-enforcing agencies with their use of Computer Forensics. Computer Forensics is similar to the regular forensics procedures done by law enforcers, such as those seen in CSI. Computer forensics is "a detailed and scientific study, research and implementation of computer science subjects for the purpose of gathering digital evidence in cases of cyber crimes or for other scientific research purposes." In computer networks, experts use packet sniffing, IP address tracing and email address tracing. (Vyavhare, 2007) Packet sniffing is the retrieval of crucial data packets from networks. These may contain usernames or passwords used by cybercriminals. IP addresses are unique, but sometimes criminals use proxy. The goal of IP address tracing is to trace the real IP address of the culprit. Email tracing is used when it is possible that the cybercriminal is still in the location where a questionable email has been sent. If not, by tracing the email, this may provide valuable clues. In computer systems, the computer forensics expert, analyzes the file structure, checks the storage media, uses steganography (the art of concealing information in images, sounds, or any unconventional file format), and

Online Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Online Business - Essay Example The Headquarters and call centre is based in Leeds, West Yorkshire. Their huge buying power of over '150 million a year enables them to purchase stock at discounted prices. This allows them to provide the customer with a huge choice of top brand Electrical Appliances at truly unbeatable prices. Prompt delivery is the priority of EmpireDirect.co.uk. The fast, efficient delivery service comes direct to your home. Their bulk stocks means that most orders are processed and delivered normally within 2-3 working days from payment anywhere within the UK mainland. UK mainland delivery starts from just '1.49 per order, some of the items include free delivery at our hugely discounted rates. All products carry the full MANUFACTURERS GUARANTEE. What's more, at EmpireDirect.co.uk also offer a NATIONWIDE IN-HOME SERVICE on all non-portable appliances should the need arise. Optional extended guarantees and installation services are available at discounted rates. EmpireDirect.co.uk has now been in o peration for over 25 years. You can take comfort in the fact the company has many years of experience in the supply and service of electrical goods throughout the UK, and is financially secure. EmpireDirect.co.uk has been listed No. ... 006 Europe's 500, an annual listing endorsed by 3i, Microsoft, Boston Consulting Group and PricewaterhouseCoopers and published by Europe's Entrepreneurs for Growth. Hitwise is pleased to announce that EmpireDirect.co.uk has qualified for a Hitwise Top 10 Award December 2007. Empire operates a quality system approved by BSI. EmpireDirect.co.uk is a key member of RETRA - the Radio, Electrical & Television Retailers Association, which lays down strict guidelines on performance in all areas. EmpireDirect.co.uk scooped the best e-trading award for the UK in the prestigious government backed ecommerce awards. EmpireDirect.co.uk successfully won the Top 100 Worldwide Website awards 2004. EmpireDirect.co.uk supports the IMRG "Internet Shopping is Safe" Campaign and they are on the Safe Shopping List. This campaign is backed by Industry and Government and aims to re-assure the customer of the safety of shopping online. EmpireDirect.co.uk supports the IMRG "Internet Delivery is Safe" Campaign too. This campaign is also backed by Industry and Government and aims to re-assure the customer of the safety of getting your order delivered. 100% Secure Shopping. All personal information is stored using 128 bit encryption. They utilise the industry-standard Sockets Layer (SSL) technology to encrypt all the personal information including credit or debit card numbers, names and addresses. They offer optional secure payment options with Google Checkout and Paypal Task B Terms and Services 1. Titles - General, Customer Sales, Delivery, Installation, Collections, Cancellation and Returns, Refunds, Guaranties and Warranties, Faults, Data Protection, Others, Christmas Delivery , and Extra membership Terms and Conditions 2. Reference to statutory rights - Reference is made to our National

Plastics Recycling Business Plan

Plastics Recycling Business Plan Executive Summary Recently, the growing utilization of plastics are specifically used domestic purpose and produced from industrial and consumer applications and need Students Paper: and need to combined with increased consumer awareness surrounding solid waste recycling, has led to an increased demand for recycled plastic resins and products for our general consumer applications, combined with increased consumer awareness surrounding solid waste recycling, has led to an increased demand for recycled plastic resins and products. One of our general purposes. One of the quickest increasing Students Paper: quickest increasing types of collected plastic materials for recycling is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from post-consumer beverage and water bottles. Replay Plastics will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. The Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant where located fastest growing types of collected plastic materials for recycling is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from post-consumer beverage and water bottles. Replay Plastics will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. The Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant located in where Students Paper: plant where located in the western United States (all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada). To be and refining plant located in the western United States (all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada). Its initial ). To be honest, Students Paper: be honest, Its initial capacity will be 46 million pounds, and it will utilize post-consumer bottle feed stock presently collected in California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200 million pounds per year. The Company will be vertically integrated and utilize almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division and any surplus materials (clean flake) produced will be sold to outside companies. The extruded sheet may then be sold to manufacturers who will thermoform it into high-visibility packaging or use it in other high value added manufacturing operations. The strapping will be sold to companies who ship large packages or pallets, such as the lumber milling industry. The Company currently has commitments available from customers to purchase the entire product or Canada). Its initial capacity will be 46 million pounds, and it will utilize post-consumer bottle feed stock presently collected in California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200 million pounds per year. The Company will be vertically integrated, and use almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division. Any surplus materials (clean flake) produced will be sold to outside companies. The extruded sheet may then be sold to manufacturers, who will thermoform it into high-visibility packaging or use it in other high value added manufacturing operations. The strapping will be sold to companies who ship large packages or pallets, such as the lumber milling industry. The Company currently has commitments available from customers to purchase all of the product produced entire product produced. MANAGEMENT Ben Braddock, President who has experienced since 30-years of history and related with Students Paper: related with encompassing all aspects of Polymer Raw Material, Plastic Conversion Methods, and Venture Development. Moreover, he of experience encompassing all aspects of Polymer Raw Material, Plastic Conversion Methods, and Venture Development. He has . Moreover, he has founded great Students Paper: founded great ventures in the plastic converting industry, and assisted in the launch of five plastic converting manufacturing plants. In his personal founded successful ventures in the plastic converting industry, and assisted in the launch of five plastic converting manufacturing plants. Sam McGuire his personal life, Students Paper: personal life, Sam McGuire, Executive VP and COO, is a graduate Engineer with almost over manufacturing plants. Sam McGuire, Executive VP and COO, is a graduate Engineer with over 20 almost Students Paper: with almost over 20 years experience in the post-consumer plastics recycling industry and is the inventor of the primary cleaning refining technology used in the process for this project. He has received a patent for his technology and has been directly involved in over twenty-five major post consumer plastics recycling projects. Carl R. Smith, CFO, has over 30 years investment and merchant banking and management experience. He has assisted in raising over $500 million and served as board member and/or officer in over 40 public and private companies. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Moreover, after Engineer with over 20 years experience in the post-consumer plastics recycling industry and is the inventor of the primary cleaning refining technology used in the process for this project. He has received a patent for his technology and has been directly involved in over twenty-five major post consumer plastics recycling projects. Carl R. Smith, CFO, has over 30 years investment and merchant banking and management experience. He has assisted in raising over $500 million and served as board member and/or officer in over 40 public and private companies. FINANCIAL SUMMARY After a Moreover, after a four month grow- Students Paper: month grow-up period to build the recycling and packaging facilities, buy equipment, and incorporate the business, Replay Plastics will begin a quick turnaround of product. Sales will begin in May, and with over $15 Million in sales the first year, we will see a first year net profit of $2.3 Million. The owners are investing $500,000 each, for a total of $1.5 Million, and are securing an $800K long-term loan. The Company is also looking an month start-up period to build the recycling and packaging facilities, buy equipment, and incorporate the business, Replay Plastics will begin a quick turnaround of product. Sales will begin in May, and with over $15 Million in sales the first year, we will see a first year net profit of $2.3 Million. The owners are investing $500,000 each, for a total of $1.5 Million, and are securing an $800K long-term loan. The Company is also seeking an looking Students Paper: also looking an investment of $2,700,000 in order to begin operations. Then, these also seeking an investment of $2,700,000 in order to begin operations. These funds . Then, Students Paper: operations. Then, these funds will be used for the purchase of one recycling line and one manufacturing line, for create of begin operations. These funds will be used for the purchase of one recycling line and one manufacturing line, for the set up create Students Paper: for create of the plant facilities and for working capital. An outside investor providing this amount would receive 48% equity in Replay, and receive an IRR of 69% from simple dividends alone over the next 5 years. At the end of that period, we will consider a public offering of stock or a buy-out by a related business. Recent information on private sales of similar industry companies has indicated that transactions under $25 million have averaged 5.3 times EBITDA, while transactions in the range of $25-250 million have averaged over 7 times EBITDA. Further details can be found in the Financial Plan, below. 1.1 Objectives Sales passing $15 million in first year set up of the plant facilities and for working capital. An outside investor providing this amount would receive 48% equity in Replay, and receive an IRR of 69% from simple dividends alone over the next 5 years. At the end of that period, we will consider a public offering of stock or a buy-out by a related business. Recent information on private sales of similar industry companies has indicated that transactions under $25 million have averaged 5.3 times EBITDA, while transactions in the range of $25-250 million have averaged over 7 times EBITDA. Further details can be found in the Financial Plan, below. 1.1 Objectives Sales passing $15 million in firstyyear, $31 first Students Paper: in first year, $31 million in year 2, growing to $43 million. Gross margin in firstyyear, $31 million in year 2, growing to $43 million.y Gross . Gross margin of 35% or more in first Students Paper: in first year, 45% in second year then 50% or more. Net profit of in firstyyear, 45% in second year then 50% or more. Net profityof 13 profit of 13% in year one, then exceeding 20% Students Paper: exceeding 20% annually starting in year two. 1.2 Mission Replay Plastics is a generally manufacturing then exceedingy20% annually starting in year two. 1.2 Mission Replay Plastics is a manufacturing company generally Students Paper: a generally manufacturing company dedicated to converting waste plastic materials into commercially viable products, utilizing environmentally friendly recycling and manufacturing methods. We intend is a manufacturing company dedicated to converting waste plastic materials into commercially viable products, utilizing environmentally friendly recycling and manufacturing methods.yWe intend . We intend to make enough profit to generate a significant Students Paper: a significant return for our investors and to finance continued growth and continued development in quality products. We will generate aysignificant return for our investors and to finance continued growth and continued development in quality products.yWe will . We Students Paper: products. We will also maintain a friendly, fair, and creative work environment, which respects diversity, new ideas and hard work. 1.3 Keys to Success The main keys to the success of the Company are: Secure Supply- Contract for supply of post-consumer products.yWe will also maintain a friendly, fair, and creative work environment, which respects diversity, new ideas and hard work. 1.3 Keys to Success The main keys to the success of the Company are: Secure Supply- Contract for supply ofypost-consumerybottles post-consumer bottles Students Paper: consumer bottles and post-industrial manufacturing waste for PET raw material feed stock. Marketing Contractual arrangements ofypost-consumerybottles and post-industrial manufacturing waste for PET raw material feed stock. Marketing -yyContractual arrangementsyfor Contractual arrangements for Students Paper: arrangements for the sale of virtually all initial production. Management Strong senior management with extensive, broad-based, industry-specific experience. 1.4 Potential yyContractual arrangementsyfor the sale of virtually all initial production. Management Strong senior management with extensive, broad-based, industry-specific experience.http://www . Students Paper: specific experience. 1.4 Potential Risks Unavailable or scarce raw material feed stock for production Replay is confident that it has secured good availability of low cost post 934697d142204abeb7020c6e32f2e18d.png 1.4 Potential Risks Unavailable or scarce raw material feed stock for production Replay is confident that it has secured good availability of low costypost-consumer cost Students Paper: low cost post-consumer PET bottles (feed stock) derived from post-consumer beverage bottles from California based recycling collectors, and has back up sources identified. Technology employed may be unreliable or unproven Replay will use a proven, patented technology that was developed by one of its principals for the cleaning and recycling phase. The extrusion division will employ commercially proven technology the industry is employing unique recycled PET technology which is used by prominent eastern U.S. manufacturers of PET bottlesy(feed stock) derived from post-consumer beverage bottles from California based recycling collectors, and has back up sources identified. Technology employed may be unreliable or unproven Replay will use a proven, patented technology that was developed by one of its principals for the cleaning and recycling phase. The extrusion division will employ commercially proven technology the industry is employing unique recycled PET technology which is used by prominent eastern U.S. manufacturersyof PET manufacturers Students Paper: U.S. manufacturers of PET extrusions. There may not be a market for the Companys products The Industry-wide experience of the Management Team has allowed them to identify markets U.S. manufacturersyof PET extrusions. There may not be a market for the Companys products The Industry-wide experience of the Management Team has allowed them to identifyymarkets for identify markets for the Companys products. Their Students Paper: products. Their expertise and reputations have allowed them to obtain commitments for virtually all of the planned initial production. The location may products.yTheir expertise and reputations have allowed them to obtain commitments for virtually all of the planned initial production.y The Students Paper: initial production. The location may not be near enough to markets The markets that have production.y The location may not be near enough to markets Theymarkets that Students Paper: The markets that have been identified are primarily in the western U.S., which will markets Theymarkets that have been identified are primarily in the western U.S.,ywhich will , which will provide a distinct advantage Students Paper: distinct advantage to the Company because of freight costs and delivery timing. The Company may not be able to attract top distinct advantageyto the Company because of freight costs and delivery timing. The Company may not be able to attractytop managementy attract top Students Paper: attract top management The Company has assembled a world class management team with proven ability and direct experience in the Companys market segments. Company may not meet environmental standards This environmentally-favorable venture provides attractytop managementy The Company has assembled a world class management team with proven ability and direct experience in the Companys market segments. Company may not meet environmental standards This environmentally-favorable ventureyprovides for venture provides Students Paper: venture provides for the development of technically feasible and economically viable solutions to PET plastic beverage bottle recycling, as well as environmentally aware in-house re-use practices which filter and return nearly favorable ventureyprovides for the development of technically feasible and economically viable solutions to PET plastic beverage bottle recycling, as well as environmentally aware in-house re-use practices which filter and returnynearly all return nearly all of the process water Students Paper: process water to the production lines. The Company may not be able to sell all of its production capability Through the Senior Managements industry-wide contacts, the Company has identified potential customers and received commitments for all of the production potential of the initial facility. Company Summary The the processywater to the production lines. The Company may not be able to sell all of its production capability Through the Senior Managements industry-wide contacts, the Company has identified potential customers and received commitments for all of the production potential of the initial facility.yyyy Want Summary Students Paper: Company Summary The Company will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. Recycling Division Using a Replay Plastics will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. The Company will create a Using a patented process, Students Paper: patented process, the Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant located in the western United States; we have Packaging Division. The Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant located in the western United States (all 16 ; we have chosen this region because Students Paper: region because all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada, despite western the western United States (all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada). Its initial , despite western states favorable recycling attitudes among consumers. Its initial annual Students Paper: initial annual capacity will be 46 million pounds and it will utilize bottle feed Its initial capacity will be 46 million pounds, and it will utilize post-consumer bottle feed stock from Students Paper: stock from California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200,000,000 pounds collected in California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200 million 200,000,000 pounds per year. The Company will become totally vertically integrated, and use all or Students Paper: all or almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division. Any surplus material produced will and use almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division. Any surplus materials (clean flake produced will be sold to outside companies. Packaging Division We will create a plant (actual facilities to be shared with the Recycling Division) to manufacture extruded plastic roll stock sheet or high-strength strapping, employing state-of-the-art technology developed to utilize recycled PET resin. The extruded sheet will be primarily sold to thermoformers who will convert it into high visibility packaging, as well as laminators and fabricators. The strapping will be sold to commercial users for use as package or pallet strapping. The Company currently has commitments from customers to purchase all of the initial production capacity. Excess flake will be sold to outside customers. 2.1 Company Ownership Replay Plastics is owned by the initial founders, B. Braddock, S. McGuire and C. Smith, who are the proposed three executives of the operating entity. The plan was conceived and developed by these individuals, with the intent to apply their extensive experience and contacts in the industry to building a successful profitable corporation. 2.1.1 Potential Conflict Our COO, Mr. Sam McGuire, the inventor and patent holder of the recycling process to be used by the Company, is a principal in Company A of Chicago, IL. For many years, Company has designed, manufactured and assembled plastic recycling equipment, and has given us quotes on meeting our needs in this area. After a thorough investigation, Replay has found that Company A is able to source or supply the required equipment at considerably lower cost than any other company from which a quote was available. Mr. McGuire has disclosed that Company A has included a smaller than normal margin in their quote on goods they will manufacture, to cover overhead, contingency and profit which might result in a small benefit to him. They have agreed to source all of the equipment possible with no added margin. Replay has concluded that the savings available outweigh any other consideration and that we will purchase the cleaning and refining equipment from Company A. 2.2 Start-up Summary Our start-up expenses are budgeted at $210,000, which is mostly for on-site contractor services during facility preparation. $50,000 has been set aside for legal and accounting, $25,000 for special consulting that may be required during start up and $50,000 each for local engineering and lab equipment and supplies. $30,000 has been set aside as a contingency for the start up period. Our largest Start-up Requirement is the building of the recycling and extrusion facility. Its final value at completion is listed below as a long-term asset of $3,620,000 (excluding expensed items like consultants and engineering listed above). Aside from the building itself, we need $25,000 in machinery and fixtures, $500,000 of inventory (plastic bottle feed stock) and cash to cover us through the initial year. Start-up Funding Start-up Expenses to Fund $210,000 Start-up Assets to Fund $4,790,000 Total Funding Required $5,000,000 Assets Non-cash Assets from Start-up $4,145,000 Cash Requirements from Start-up $645,000 Additional Cash Raised $0 Cash Balance on Starting Date $645,000 Total Assets $4,790,000 Liabilities and Capital Liabilities Current Borrowing $0 Long-term Liabilities $800,000 Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0 Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0 Total Liabilities $800,000 Capital Planned Investment Founders $1,500,000 Investor $2,700,000 Additional Investment Requirement $0 Total Planned Investment $4,200,000 Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($210,000) Total Capital $3,990,000 Total Capital and Liabilities $4,790,000 Total Funding $5,000,000 Start-up Requirements Start-up Expenses Legal Accounting $50,000 Stationery etc. $5,000 Consultants $25,000 Lab Equipment $50,000 Local Engineering $50,000 Misc Start up $30,000 Other $0 Total Start-up Expenses $210,000 Start-up Assets Cash Required $645,000 Start-up Inventory $500,000 Other Current Assets $25,000 Long-term Assets $3,620,000 Total Assets $4,790,000 Total Requirements $5,000,000 Products Replay Plastics will utilize two processes in the same facility to produce: Cleaned and recycled plastic PET flake (RPET), recovered from post-consumer beverage bottles and manufacturing waste produced by its sheet customers Extruded roll stock sheet PET. Extruded PET high-strength strapping for securing large packages or pallet loads; each using 100% RPET produced in-house 3.1 Product Description Roll stock sheet will be sold to custom thermoformers primarily to be used to produce high-visibility packaging. It will also be sold to manufacturers of laminates and fabricated plastic products. High strength PET packaging strapping is used to secure packages or pallets in such industries as lumber milling and corrugated and other paper production. Both products will be extruded from post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. The recycling programs in California, Washington and Oregon collect in excess of 200,000,000 pounds of PET bottles per annum. Replay initial capacity will be 46,000,000 pounds. Using a patented process, Replay will clean and refine the PET material from the post-consumer bottle stock and post-industrial manufacturing waste. The PET flake resin produced will be extruded into roll stock sheet or high-strength strapping. Although the Company expects to convert all of its bottle feed stock into extruded products, any surplus flake will be sold to outside manufacturers. 3.2 Competitive Comparison While quality and delivery are important factors to our potential clients, price is most often the determining factor in a buying decision. Good-quality packaging products manufactured from recycled (less expensive) resins, as close as practical to the end customers operations, will be most competitive and achieve a significant market share. These factors have helped to determine the business parameters of Replay Plastics. 3.3 Sourcing In excess of 200,000,000 pounds of post-consumer PET beverage bottles are collected and available as feed stock for manufacturers who can re-process this material into commercial products. The Company has excellent relations with the firms and associations that collect and distribute these materials and has been assured that its requirements will be available for the foreseeable future. The Company has entered negotiations with a California based source of post-consumer bottles and is confident that sufficient volumes are available on a contract basis from this source to satisfy its requirements. In addition, the Company intends to purchase production waste from its sheet customers and blend it into its feed stock. Currently, the majority of the post-consumer PET bottles collected in California, Oregon and Washington are exported to China. The Chinese have absorbed the amounts surplus to the use in North America. Their interest has kept the industry in the position of being able to maintain a steady price range for this bottle stock. A significant percentage of all sales of such bottle stock are managed by Plastics Recycling Corporation of California (PRCC), an industry funded marketing agency which operates similarly to a co-operative. They accept bids from potential buyers on behalf of the firms which act as consolidators, which accumulate stocks from the smaller, individual bottle-recycling depots. Some amount of the available stocks are regularly bought by recyclers in eastern North America who focus on the carpet manufacturers who use RPET resin in their process, but the high cost of transport from the western U.S. makes eastern sources more desirable. Replay has a good relationship with Company B, one of the larger consolidators in California. Company B has indicated a desire to contract to supply Replay with all of its raw material needs. They prefer to deal with a local consumer such as Replay, rather than the uncertainty and extra preparation requirements of the export market. There are other sources of post-consumer feed stock known to Replay, and we are confident that we will have sufficient materials available for our production needs. 3.4 Technology Sam McGuire, a key member of our Management team, is one of the original innovators of cleaning and refining technology for post-consumer PET, and we will be utilizing his patented process in our recycling facility. Sam has worked in the establishment and operation of facilities employing similar technologies over the last several years. On the manufacturing side, Management has been an integral part of the advancement of industry practices over the last twenty years or so, and includes in their knowledge base most, if not all, of the state-of-the-art available equipment and manufacturing techniques. Students Paper: manufacturing techniques. Market Analysis Summary Strong demand for recycled plastics is working in the industrys favor. Major users http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm 8 y Market Analysis Summary Strong demand for recycled plastics is working in the industrys favor.y Major . Students Paper: industrys favor. Major users of plastic packaging, apparently responding to consumer desires, have begun incorporating at least some recycled plastic content in their products as part of the growing interest in recycling. Recycled resin demand http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm favor.y Major users of plastic packaging, apparently responding to consumer desires, have begun incorporating at least some recycled plastic content in their products as part of the growing interest in recycling.y Recycled Students Paper: growing interest in recycling. Recycled resin demand is on the rise as prices for the two major recycled resins, PET and HDPE, continue to hold value or appreciate against their virgin counterparts. In volume, PET is currently the number one recycled resin. Supply of http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm recycling.y Recycled resin demand is on the rise as prices for the two major recycled resins, PET and HDPE, continue to hold value or appreciate against their virgin counterparts. In volume, PET is currently the number one recycled resin.ySupply of . Supply of recycled PET is in excess of 800 million pounds per year. This figure is expected to grow, reaching over 1 billion pounds during the next few years. Students Paper: few years. The plastics industry has developed new markets and applications for recycled resins from both post-consumer and post-industrial sources. PET leads the recycled recovered resins as the most visible and valuable, and its use is increasing. Of the http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm years.yThe plastics industry has developed new markets and applications for recycled resins from both post-consumer and post-industrial sources. PET leads the recycled recovered resins as the most visible and valuable, and its use is increasing.yOf the . Students Paper: is increasing. Of the total 3.7 billion pounds of PET consumed in 1997, just 16% was from recycled sources. Of the more than http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm increasing.yOf the total 3.7 billion pounds of PET consumed in 1997, just 16% was from recycled sources.yOf the Students Paper: just 16% was from recycled sources. Of the more than 90 billion pounds of plastics produced annually in the United States, less than 5% is from recycled sources. Plastics, after aluminium http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm sources.yOf the more than 90 billion pounds of plastics produced annually in the United States, less than 5% is from recycled sources.yPlastics, after Students Paper: recycled sources. Plastics, after aluminium, represent the second highest value material in the waste stream and have the highest projected growth rate. Markets and uses for recycled plastics are rapidly expanding. Plastic containers are http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm sources.yPlastics, after aluminium, represent the second highest value material in the waste stream and have the highest projected growth rate. Markets and uses for recycled plastics are rapidly expanding.yPlastic containers Students Paper: expanding. Plastic containers are being collected at the curb for recycling in nearly 500 communities, representing more than 4 million households. U.S. demand http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm expanding.yP Plastics Recycling Business Plan Plastics Recycling Business Plan Executive Summary Recently, the growing utilization of plastics are specifically used domestic purpose and produced from industrial and consumer applications and need Students Paper: and need to combined with increased consumer awareness surrounding solid waste recycling, has led to an increased demand for recycled plastic resins and products for our general consumer applications, combined with increased consumer awareness surrounding solid waste recycling, has led to an increased demand for recycled plastic resins and products. One of our general purposes. One of the quickest increasing Students Paper: quickest increasing types of collected plastic materials for recycling is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from post-consumer beverage and water bottles. Replay Plastics will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. The Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant where located fastest growing types of collected plastic materials for recycling is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from post-consumer beverage and water bottles. Replay Plastics will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. The Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant located in where Students Paper: plant where located in the western United States (all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada). To be and refining plant located in the western United States (all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada). Its initial ). To be honest, Students Paper: be honest, Its initial capacity will be 46 million pounds, and it will utilize post-consumer bottle feed stock presently collected in California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200 million pounds per year. The Company will be vertically integrated and utilize almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division and any surplus materials (clean flake) produced will be sold to outside companies. The extruded sheet may then be sold to manufacturers who will thermoform it into high-visibility packaging or use it in other high value added manufacturing operations. The strapping will be sold to companies who ship large packages or pallets, such as the lumber milling industry. The Company currently has commitments available from customers to purchase the entire product or Canada). Its initial capacity will be 46 million pounds, and it will utilize post-consumer bottle feed stock presently collected in California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200 million pounds per year. The Company will be vertically integrated, and use almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division. Any surplus materials (clean flake) produced will be sold to outside companies. The extruded sheet may then be sold to manufacturers, who will thermoform it into high-visibility packaging or use it in other high value added manufacturing operations. The strapping will be sold to companies who ship large packages or pallets, such as the lumber milling industry. The Company currently has commitments available from customers to purchase all of the product produced entire product produced. MANAGEMENT Ben Braddock, President who has experienced since 30-years of history and related with Students Paper: related with encompassing all aspects of Polymer Raw Material, Plastic Conversion Methods, and Venture Development. Moreover, he of experience encompassing all aspects of Polymer Raw Material, Plastic Conversion Methods, and Venture Development. He has . Moreover, he has founded great Students Paper: founded great ventures in the plastic converting industry, and assisted in the launch of five plastic converting manufacturing plants. In his personal founded successful ventures in the plastic converting industry, and assisted in the launch of five plastic converting manufacturing plants. Sam McGuire his personal life, Students Paper: personal life, Sam McGuire, Executive VP and COO, is a graduate Engineer with almost over manufacturing plants. Sam McGuire, Executive VP and COO, is a graduate Engineer with over 20 almost Students Paper: with almost over 20 years experience in the post-consumer plastics recycling industry and is the inventor of the primary cleaning refining technology used in the process for this project. He has received a patent for his technology and has been directly involved in over twenty-five major post consumer plastics recycling projects. Carl R. Smith, CFO, has over 30 years investment and merchant banking and management experience. He has assisted in raising over $500 million and served as board member and/or officer in over 40 public and private companies. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Moreover, after Engineer with over 20 years experience in the post-consumer plastics recycling industry and is the inventor of the primary cleaning refining technology used in the process for this project. He has received a patent for his technology and has been directly involved in over twenty-five major post consumer plastics recycling projects. Carl R. Smith, CFO, has over 30 years investment and merchant banking and management experience. He has assisted in raising over $500 million and served as board member and/or officer in over 40 public and private companies. FINANCIAL SUMMARY After a Moreover, after a four month grow- Students Paper: month grow-up period to build the recycling and packaging facilities, buy equipment, and incorporate the business, Replay Plastics will begin a quick turnaround of product. Sales will begin in May, and with over $15 Million in sales the first year, we will see a first year net profit of $2.3 Million. The owners are investing $500,000 each, for a total of $1.5 Million, and are securing an $800K long-term loan. The Company is also looking an month start-up period to build the recycling and packaging facilities, buy equipment, and incorporate the business, Replay Plastics will begin a quick turnaround of product. Sales will begin in May, and with over $15 Million in sales the first year, we will see a first year net profit of $2.3 Million. The owners are investing $500,000 each, for a total of $1.5 Million, and are securing an $800K long-term loan. The Company is also seeking an looking Students Paper: also looking an investment of $2,700,000 in order to begin operations. Then, these also seeking an investment of $2,700,000 in order to begin operations. These funds . Then, Students Paper: operations. Then, these funds will be used for the purchase of one recycling line and one manufacturing line, for create of begin operations. These funds will be used for the purchase of one recycling line and one manufacturing line, for the set up create Students Paper: for create of the plant facilities and for working capital. An outside investor providing this amount would receive 48% equity in Replay, and receive an IRR of 69% from simple dividends alone over the next 5 years. At the end of that period, we will consider a public offering of stock or a buy-out by a related business. Recent information on private sales of similar industry companies has indicated that transactions under $25 million have averaged 5.3 times EBITDA, while transactions in the range of $25-250 million have averaged over 7 times EBITDA. Further details can be found in the Financial Plan, below. 1.1 Objectives Sales passing $15 million in first year set up of the plant facilities and for working capital. An outside investor providing this amount would receive 48% equity in Replay, and receive an IRR of 69% from simple dividends alone over the next 5 years. At the end of that period, we will consider a public offering of stock or a buy-out by a related business. Recent information on private sales of similar industry companies has indicated that transactions under $25 million have averaged 5.3 times EBITDA, while transactions in the range of $25-250 million have averaged over 7 times EBITDA. Further details can be found in the Financial Plan, below. 1.1 Objectives Sales passing $15 million in firstyyear, $31 first Students Paper: in first year, $31 million in year 2, growing to $43 million. Gross margin in firstyyear, $31 million in year 2, growing to $43 million.y Gross . Gross margin of 35% or more in first Students Paper: in first year, 45% in second year then 50% or more. Net profit of in firstyyear, 45% in second year then 50% or more. Net profityof 13 profit of 13% in year one, then exceeding 20% Students Paper: exceeding 20% annually starting in year two. 1.2 Mission Replay Plastics is a generally manufacturing then exceedingy20% annually starting in year two. 1.2 Mission Replay Plastics is a manufacturing company generally Students Paper: a generally manufacturing company dedicated to converting waste plastic materials into commercially viable products, utilizing environmentally friendly recycling and manufacturing methods. We intend is a manufacturing company dedicated to converting waste plastic materials into commercially viable products, utilizing environmentally friendly recycling and manufacturing methods.yWe intend . We intend to make enough profit to generate a significant Students Paper: a significant return for our investors and to finance continued growth and continued development in quality products. We will generate aysignificant return for our investors and to finance continued growth and continued development in quality products.yWe will . We Students Paper: products. We will also maintain a friendly, fair, and creative work environment, which respects diversity, new ideas and hard work. 1.3 Keys to Success The main keys to the success of the Company are: Secure Supply- Contract for supply of post-consumer products.yWe will also maintain a friendly, fair, and creative work environment, which respects diversity, new ideas and hard work. 1.3 Keys to Success The main keys to the success of the Company are: Secure Supply- Contract for supply ofypost-consumerybottles post-consumer bottles Students Paper: consumer bottles and post-industrial manufacturing waste for PET raw material feed stock. Marketing Contractual arrangements ofypost-consumerybottles and post-industrial manufacturing waste for PET raw material feed stock. Marketing -yyContractual arrangementsyfor Contractual arrangements for Students Paper: arrangements for the sale of virtually all initial production. Management Strong senior management with extensive, broad-based, industry-specific experience. 1.4 Potential yyContractual arrangementsyfor the sale of virtually all initial production. Management Strong senior management with extensive, broad-based, industry-specific experience.http://www . Students Paper: specific experience. 1.4 Potential Risks Unavailable or scarce raw material feed stock for production Replay is confident that it has secured good availability of low cost post 934697d142204abeb7020c6e32f2e18d.png 1.4 Potential Risks Unavailable or scarce raw material feed stock for production Replay is confident that it has secured good availability of low costypost-consumer cost Students Paper: low cost post-consumer PET bottles (feed stock) derived from post-consumer beverage bottles from California based recycling collectors, and has back up sources identified. Technology employed may be unreliable or unproven Replay will use a proven, patented technology that was developed by one of its principals for the cleaning and recycling phase. The extrusion division will employ commercially proven technology the industry is employing unique recycled PET technology which is used by prominent eastern U.S. manufacturers of PET bottlesy(feed stock) derived from post-consumer beverage bottles from California based recycling collectors, and has back up sources identified. Technology employed may be unreliable or unproven Replay will use a proven, patented technology that was developed by one of its principals for the cleaning and recycling phase. The extrusion division will employ commercially proven technology the industry is employing unique recycled PET technology which is used by prominent eastern U.S. manufacturersyof PET manufacturers Students Paper: U.S. manufacturers of PET extrusions. There may not be a market for the Companys products The Industry-wide experience of the Management Team has allowed them to identify markets U.S. manufacturersyof PET extrusions. There may not be a market for the Companys products The Industry-wide experience of the Management Team has allowed them to identifyymarkets for identify markets for the Companys products. Their Students Paper: products. Their expertise and reputations have allowed them to obtain commitments for virtually all of the planned initial production. The location may products.yTheir expertise and reputations have allowed them to obtain commitments for virtually all of the planned initial production.y The Students Paper: initial production. The location may not be near enough to markets The markets that have production.y The location may not be near enough to markets Theymarkets that Students Paper: The markets that have been identified are primarily in the western U.S., which will markets Theymarkets that have been identified are primarily in the western U.S.,ywhich will , which will provide a distinct advantage Students Paper: distinct advantage to the Company because of freight costs and delivery timing. The Company may not be able to attract top distinct advantageyto the Company because of freight costs and delivery timing. The Company may not be able to attractytop managementy attract top Students Paper: attract top management The Company has assembled a world class management team with proven ability and direct experience in the Companys market segments. Company may not meet environmental standards This environmentally-favorable venture provides attractytop managementy The Company has assembled a world class management team with proven ability and direct experience in the Companys market segments. Company may not meet environmental standards This environmentally-favorable ventureyprovides for venture provides Students Paper: venture provides for the development of technically feasible and economically viable solutions to PET plastic beverage bottle recycling, as well as environmentally aware in-house re-use practices which filter and return nearly favorable ventureyprovides for the development of technically feasible and economically viable solutions to PET plastic beverage bottle recycling, as well as environmentally aware in-house re-use practices which filter and returnynearly all return nearly all of the process water Students Paper: process water to the production lines. The Company may not be able to sell all of its production capability Through the Senior Managements industry-wide contacts, the Company has identified potential customers and received commitments for all of the production potential of the initial facility. Company Summary The the processywater to the production lines. The Company may not be able to sell all of its production capability Through the Senior Managements industry-wide contacts, the Company has identified potential customers and received commitments for all of the production potential of the initial facility.yyyy Want Summary Students Paper: Company Summary The Company will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. Recycling Division Using a Replay Plastics will capitalize on the opportunities in the recycled resin and packaging markets through two main divisions: a Recycling Division and a Packaging Division. The Company will create a Using a patented process, Students Paper: patented process, the Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant located in the western United States; we have Packaging Division. The Company will create a PET cleaning and refining plant located in the western United States (all 16 ; we have chosen this region because Students Paper: region because all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada, despite western the western United States (all 16 major North American PET recycling plants are currently located in the eastern United States or Canada). Its initial , despite western states favorable recycling attitudes among consumers. Its initial annual Students Paper: initial annual capacity will be 46 million pounds and it will utilize bottle feed Its initial capacity will be 46 million pounds, and it will utilize post-consumer bottle feed stock from Students Paper: stock from California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200,000,000 pounds collected in California, Oregon and Washington States, which collect over 200 million 200,000,000 pounds per year. The Company will become totally vertically integrated, and use all or Students Paper: all or almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division. Any surplus material produced will and use almost all of its recycled material in its Packaging Division. Any surplus materials (clean flake produced will be sold to outside companies. Packaging Division We will create a plant (actual facilities to be shared with the Recycling Division) to manufacture extruded plastic roll stock sheet or high-strength strapping, employing state-of-the-art technology developed to utilize recycled PET resin. The extruded sheet will be primarily sold to thermoformers who will convert it into high visibility packaging, as well as laminators and fabricators. The strapping will be sold to commercial users for use as package or pallet strapping. The Company currently has commitments from customers to purchase all of the initial production capacity. Excess flake will be sold to outside customers. 2.1 Company Ownership Replay Plastics is owned by the initial founders, B. Braddock, S. McGuire and C. Smith, who are the proposed three executives of the operating entity. The plan was conceived and developed by these individuals, with the intent to apply their extensive experience and contacts in the industry to building a successful profitable corporation. 2.1.1 Potential Conflict Our COO, Mr. Sam McGuire, the inventor and patent holder of the recycling process to be used by the Company, is a principal in Company A of Chicago, IL. For many years, Company has designed, manufactured and assembled plastic recycling equipment, and has given us quotes on meeting our needs in this area. After a thorough investigation, Replay has found that Company A is able to source or supply the required equipment at considerably lower cost than any other company from which a quote was available. Mr. McGuire has disclosed that Company A has included a smaller than normal margin in their quote on goods they will manufacture, to cover overhead, contingency and profit which might result in a small benefit to him. They have agreed to source all of the equipment possible with no added margin. Replay has concluded that the savings available outweigh any other consideration and that we will purchase the cleaning and refining equipment from Company A. 2.2 Start-up Summary Our start-up expenses are budgeted at $210,000, which is mostly for on-site contractor services during facility preparation. $50,000 has been set aside for legal and accounting, $25,000 for special consulting that may be required during start up and $50,000 each for local engineering and lab equipment and supplies. $30,000 has been set aside as a contingency for the start up period. Our largest Start-up Requirement is the building of the recycling and extrusion facility. Its final value at completion is listed below as a long-term asset of $3,620,000 (excluding expensed items like consultants and engineering listed above). Aside from the building itself, we need $25,000 in machinery and fixtures, $500,000 of inventory (plastic bottle feed stock) and cash to cover us through the initial year. Start-up Funding Start-up Expenses to Fund $210,000 Start-up Assets to Fund $4,790,000 Total Funding Required $5,000,000 Assets Non-cash Assets from Start-up $4,145,000 Cash Requirements from Start-up $645,000 Additional Cash Raised $0 Cash Balance on Starting Date $645,000 Total Assets $4,790,000 Liabilities and Capital Liabilities Current Borrowing $0 Long-term Liabilities $800,000 Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0 Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0 Total Liabilities $800,000 Capital Planned Investment Founders $1,500,000 Investor $2,700,000 Additional Investment Requirement $0 Total Planned Investment $4,200,000 Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($210,000) Total Capital $3,990,000 Total Capital and Liabilities $4,790,000 Total Funding $5,000,000 Start-up Requirements Start-up Expenses Legal Accounting $50,000 Stationery etc. $5,000 Consultants $25,000 Lab Equipment $50,000 Local Engineering $50,000 Misc Start up $30,000 Other $0 Total Start-up Expenses $210,000 Start-up Assets Cash Required $645,000 Start-up Inventory $500,000 Other Current Assets $25,000 Long-term Assets $3,620,000 Total Assets $4,790,000 Total Requirements $5,000,000 Products Replay Plastics will utilize two processes in the same facility to produce: Cleaned and recycled plastic PET flake (RPET), recovered from post-consumer beverage bottles and manufacturing waste produced by its sheet customers Extruded roll stock sheet PET. Extruded PET high-strength strapping for securing large packages or pallet loads; each using 100% RPET produced in-house 3.1 Product Description Roll stock sheet will be sold to custom thermoformers primarily to be used to produce high-visibility packaging. It will also be sold to manufacturers of laminates and fabricated plastic products. High strength PET packaging strapping is used to secure packages or pallets in such industries as lumber milling and corrugated and other paper production. Both products will be extruded from post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. The recycling programs in California, Washington and Oregon collect in excess of 200,000,000 pounds of PET bottles per annum. Replay initial capacity will be 46,000,000 pounds. Using a patented process, Replay will clean and refine the PET material from the post-consumer bottle stock and post-industrial manufacturing waste. The PET flake resin produced will be extruded into roll stock sheet or high-strength strapping. Although the Company expects to convert all of its bottle feed stock into extruded products, any surplus flake will be sold to outside manufacturers. 3.2 Competitive Comparison While quality and delivery are important factors to our potential clients, price is most often the determining factor in a buying decision. Good-quality packaging products manufactured from recycled (less expensive) resins, as close as practical to the end customers operations, will be most competitive and achieve a significant market share. These factors have helped to determine the business parameters of Replay Plastics. 3.3 Sourcing In excess of 200,000,000 pounds of post-consumer PET beverage bottles are collected and available as feed stock for manufacturers who can re-process this material into commercial products. The Company has excellent relations with the firms and associations that collect and distribute these materials and has been assured that its requirements will be available for the foreseeable future. The Company has entered negotiations with a California based source of post-consumer bottles and is confident that sufficient volumes are available on a contract basis from this source to satisfy its requirements. In addition, the Company intends to purchase production waste from its sheet customers and blend it into its feed stock. Currently, the majority of the post-consumer PET bottles collected in California, Oregon and Washington are exported to China. The Chinese have absorbed the amounts surplus to the use in North America. Their interest has kept the industry in the position of being able to maintain a steady price range for this bottle stock. A significant percentage of all sales of such bottle stock are managed by Plastics Recycling Corporation of California (PRCC), an industry funded marketing agency which operates similarly to a co-operative. They accept bids from potential buyers on behalf of the firms which act as consolidators, which accumulate stocks from the smaller, individual bottle-recycling depots. Some amount of the available stocks are regularly bought by recyclers in eastern North America who focus on the carpet manufacturers who use RPET resin in their process, but the high cost of transport from the western U.S. makes eastern sources more desirable. Replay has a good relationship with Company B, one of the larger consolidators in California. Company B has indicated a desire to contract to supply Replay with all of its raw material needs. They prefer to deal with a local consumer such as Replay, rather than the uncertainty and extra preparation requirements of the export market. There are other sources of post-consumer feed stock known to Replay, and we are confident that we will have sufficient materials available for our production needs. 3.4 Technology Sam McGuire, a key member of our Management team, is one of the original innovators of cleaning and refining technology for post-consumer PET, and we will be utilizing his patented process in our recycling facility. Sam has worked in the establishment and operation of facilities employing similar technologies over the last several years. On the manufacturing side, Management has been an integral part of the advancement of industry practices over the last twenty years or so, and includes in their knowledge base most, if not all, of the state-of-the-art available equipment and manufacturing techniques. Students Paper: manufacturing techniques. Market Analysis Summary Strong demand for recycled plastics is working in the industrys favor. Major users http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm 8 y Market Analysis Summary Strong demand for recycled plastics is working in the industrys favor.y Major . Students Paper: industrys favor. Major users of plastic packaging, apparently responding to consumer desires, have begun incorporating at least some recycled plastic content in their products as part of the growing interest in recycling. Recycled resin demand http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm favor.y Major users of plastic packaging, apparently responding to consumer desires, have begun incorporating at least some recycled plastic content in their products as part of the growing interest in recycling.y Recycled Students Paper: growing interest in recycling. Recycled resin demand is on the rise as prices for the two major recycled resins, PET and HDPE, continue to hold value or appreciate against their virgin counterparts. In volume, PET is currently the number one recycled resin. Supply of http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm recycling.y Recycled resin demand is on the rise as prices for the two major recycled resins, PET and HDPE, continue to hold value or appreciate against their virgin counterparts. In volume, PET is currently the number one recycled resin.ySupply of . Supply of recycled PET is in excess of 800 million pounds per year. This figure is expected to grow, reaching over 1 billion pounds during the next few years. Students Paper: few years. The plastics industry has developed new markets and applications for recycled resins from both post-consumer and post-industrial sources. PET leads the recycled recovered resins as the most visible and valuable, and its use is increasing. Of the http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm years.yThe plastics industry has developed new markets and applications for recycled resins from both post-consumer and post-industrial sources. PET leads the recycled recovered resins as the most visible and valuable, and its use is increasing.yOf the . Students Paper: is increasing. Of the total 3.7 billion pounds of PET consumed in 1997, just 16% was from recycled sources. Of the more than http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm increasing.yOf the total 3.7 billion pounds of PET consumed in 1997, just 16% was from recycled sources.yOf the Students Paper: just 16% was from recycled sources. Of the more than 90 billion pounds of plastics produced annually in the United States, less than 5% is from recycled sources. Plastics, after aluminium http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm sources.yOf the more than 90 billion pounds of plastics produced annually in the United States, less than 5% is from recycled sources.yPlastics, after Students Paper: recycled sources. Plastics, after aluminium, represent the second highest value material in the waste stream and have the highest projected growth rate. Markets and uses for recycled plastics are rapidly expanding. Plastic containers are http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm sources.yPlastics, after aluminium, represent the second highest value material in the waste stream and have the highest projected growth rate. Markets and uses for recycled plastics are rapidly expanding.yPlastic containers Students Paper: expanding. Plastic containers are being collected at the curb for recycling in nearly 500 communities, representing more than 4 million households. U.S. demand http://www.bplans.com/plastics_recycling_business_plan/market_analysis_summary_fc.cfm expanding.yP